QURAN ON ROTATION OF EARTH

Quran Tells About Movement & Rotation Of Earth

Heliocentric Vs Geocentric

Until the 16th century, it was thought that the Earth was the center of the universe. This is known as the Geocentric model. This belief was questioned by the famous astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus in 1543 and later Galileo Galilei in 1610, scientifically established that the Earth revolves around the Sun. Then remember what happened to Giordano Bruno in 1600 and to Galileo Galilei 33 years later because they supported heliocentrism, thus opposing the official dogma of the Roman Catholic Church. In Muslim communities, this happened even in late 20th century as one famous religious cleric Sheikh Abdul Aziz Bin Baz from Saudi Arabia claimed that the earth did not move and that anyone who asserted the contrary was considered to have committed a blasphemy.

Now we know that our Earth rotates around its axis at 1600km/hr, which causes day and night on Earth. Then it revolves around the Sun at 107,000km/hr which is responsible for our 12 months year and different seasons on Earth. But Quran almost around 1400 years ago told us about the movement of planets, Earth and all celestial bodies in space and also around their own axis.

وَهُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ ۖ كُلٌّ فِي فَلَكٍ يَسْبَحُونَ

And it is He who created the night and the day and the Sun and the moon; all in an orbit are swimming. Surah Anbiya 21:33

 خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ ۖ يُكَوِّرُ اللَّيْلَ عَلَى النَّهَارِ وَيُكَوِّرُ النَّهَارَ عَلَى اللَّيْلِ ۖ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ ۖ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي لِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى ۗ أَلَا هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ

He hath created the heavens and the Earth with truth. He maketh night to succeed day, and He maketh day to succeed night, and He constraineth the Sun and the moon to give service, each running on for an appointed term. Is not He the Mighty, the Forgiver? Surah Zumar 39:5

Meaning Of The Word “فَلَكٍ” And “يَسْبَحُونَ”

The Arabic words used in these verses are فَلَكٍ and يَسْبَحُونَ which means the “Sky / Orbits” and “Swim without sinking” respectively. The Arabic word يَسْبَحُونَ derived from the root word س ب ح and its detailed meaning is given below in “DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE IMPORTANT WORDS” Section. It has in it the meaning of motion not only related to swimming in orbits but also contains the meanings of movement within itself i.e rotation around the axis.

Miracle In The Use Of Word “كُلٌّ”

There is also a miracle of using the word “كُلٌّ / kulun” in the two above mentioned verses as Tanween (The tanween is an “n” sound added to the end of the word in certain circumstances) showing the absence of pronoun. Usually in Arabic after “كُلٌّ / kulun” comes some noun or a pronoun like “Every/All Students” etc but here it is absent. Also in Arabic other than singular and plural, there is also a binary two /dual form for pronouns. Arabic has singular, dual, and plural forms of pronouns, nouns, verbs, adjectives. The singular form is used when referring to one person or thing, the dual subject pronoun to refer to two people or two things, and the plural form when referring to more than two people or things. Here (specifically see Surah Anbiya 21:33) Quran used كُلٌّ and not كلاهما as would have been used in case God wanted to show that only Sun and Moon are in motion as these are the only two celestial bodies mentioned in the verse, but the Quran is referring to three or more. This is also a miracle as now just recently we came to know that Night and Day (as mentioned in the verse) is nothing but because of the movement of Earth around its axis. Thus according to the Quran, all the th