ONENESS OF GOD
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Exodus 20:3, Deuteronomy 6:4, Isaiah 45:5, 46:9, Mark 12:28-29 and Quran Surah Ikhlas chapter 112 clearly showing that both Bible and Quran are similar in their teachings regarding the concept and oneness of God. So much so that the wordings are also identical. As you can see the Oneness of God is not only mentioned in the Old Testament but also in the New Testament.
QURAN
ONENESS OF GODSay, “He is God, the One. God, the Absolute. He begets not, nor was He begotten. And there is none comparable to Him. Surah Ikhlas 112:1-4
ATTRIBUTES OF GOD
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Matthew 10:30, Pslam 121:3-4, Pslam 139:7-12, and Quran Surah Qiyamah 75:3-4, Surat Baqarah 2:255 and Surah Hadid 57:1-6 clearly show that both Bible and Quran are similar in telling the various Attributes of God from Omniscient to Omnipresent to Omnipotence all attributes look identical in both Bible and Quran.
BIBLE
ATTRIBUTES OF GODAnd even the very hairs of your head are all numbered. Matthew 10:30
He(God) will not let your foot slip- he who watches over you will not slumber; indeed, he who watches over Israel will neither slumber nor sleep. Psalm 121:3-4
Where can I go from your Spirit: Where can I flee from your presence? If I go up to the heavens, you are there; if I settle on the far side of the sea, even there your hand will guide me, your right hand will hold me fast. If I say, “Surely the darkness will hide me and the light become night around me,” even the darkness will not be dark to you; the night will shine like the day for darkness is as light to you. Psalm 139:7-12
QURAN
ATTRIBUTES OF GODDoes man think that We will not reassemble his bones? Yes indeed; We are Able to reconstruct his fingertips. Qiyamah 75:3-4
Allah! There is no god except He, the Living, the Everlasting. Neither slumber overtakes Him, nor sleep. Baqarah 2:255
Glorifying God is everything in the heavens and the earth. He is the Almighty, the Wise. To Him belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. He gives life and causes death, and He has power over all things. He is the First and the Last, and the Outer and the Inner, and He has knowledge of all things. He knows what penetrates into the earth, and what comes out of it, and what descends from the sky, and what ascends to it. He merges the night into the day, and He merges the day into the night; and He knows what is in the breasts. Hadid 57:1-4, 6
CREATION OF UNIVERSE
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Exodus 20:11, Genesis 1:2, Genesis 1:6-10 and Quran Surah Hadid 57:4, Surah Hud 11:7 and Surah Anbiya 21:30-32 clearly show the divine origin of both Bible and Quran and the similarity in the narrative related to the creation of this whole Universe, heavens and Earth. The Astonishing similarity is where we find that both Heaven and earth were joint entity and then later God parted them into two as is clear in Genesis 1:6-10 and in Quran Anbiya 21:30-32. Further it also shows that before this separation Heavens and Earth were in the form of water, liquid or fluid. This is also in agreement with the modern science. There are some differences in creation account between Bible, Quran and Modern science which I will discuss later in my Programs.
For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them. Exdous 20:11
Now the earth was formless and empty…. the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters. Genesis 1:2
And God said, “Let there be a vault between the waters to separate water from water.” So God made the vault and separated the water under the vault from the water above it. (The above part is Heaven and the lower part of water is Land). Genesis 1:6-10
It is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days, then settled over the Throne. Hadid 57:4
…And His Throne was upon the waters. Hud 11:7
Do the disbelievers not see that the heavens and the earth were one mass, and We tore them apart? And We made from water every living thing. Will they not believe? … And We placed on earth stabilizers, lest it sways with them…And We made the sky a protected ceiling. Anbiya 21:30-32
CREATION OF MAN
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You can see the first two points i.e creation of physical body of Man from clay and blowing of spirit/soul in him are almost identical in the Bible and Quran, as is evident from Genesis 2:7 and Quran Surah Hijr 15:26 and Surah Sajdah 32:9. The next two points in Bible section: Creation of woman from Man’s rib and Creation of Man in God’s image are not in agreement with the Quran. For Creation of Woman, although the Quran says that she was created from Man but Quran does not mention the exact manner of her creation. As for creation of Man in God’s image Quran is very specific that there is none like God. But if we search the secondary source of Islamic texts the traditions, hadiths (sayings of Prophet) then we find the exact similarity with that of Bible. As in Bukhari 6227 Book 79, Hadith 1 Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, “Allah created Adam in His picture,……….So whoever will enter Paradise, will be of the shape and picture of Adam.
And as in Muslim Hadith Muslim (2612)
narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: The Messenger of Allah said: “When any one of you fights his brother, let him avoid the face, for Allah created Adam in His image.”
There can be two interpretations of this. First one is that the pronoun “his” can be interpreted as referring back to Adam/“brother” in first and second hadith respectively and not to “Allah”. In the case of first hadith it means that God created Adam in his(Adam’s) own image in his own “Mold” “A unique Mold” that Adam is unique and different from any other creation of this Universe and in second hadith it may mean that “When you fight your brother then avoid his face for Allah created Adam in his image i.e your brother is created in the image of Adam”
If we consider the pronoun referring to God then for both these Islamic traditions and Bible.. there could be two interpretations first is that Adam is a direct creation that did not take place through the passage of embryological stages and not begotten from anyone. And secondly (this is what my point of view and the most logical one that reconciles and not contradicts with Bible and Quran themselves and within their own content & context) the actual meaning of “image” is “reflection” that is Man is created with “attributes” that are a reflection of Gods Attributes, such as hearing, seeing, knowledge. These are also attributes of God, for He is All-Hearing, All-Seeing. Even the attribute of creation. Man creates things just as God although on a much smaller scale.
BIBLE
CREATION OF MANGod formed a man from the dust of the ground. Genesis 2:7
….and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being. Genesis 2:7
So the LORD God caused the man to fall into a deep sleep; and while he was sleeping, he took one of the man’s ribs and then closed up the place with flesh. Then the LORD God made a woman from the rib he had taken out of the man, and he brought her to the man. Genesis 2:21-22
God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male and female he created them. Genesis 1:27
QURAN
CREATION OF MANAnd We did certainly create man out of clay from an altered black mud. Hijr 15:26
Then He proportioned him, and breathed into him of His Spirit. Sajdah 32:9
O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from one soul and created from it its mate and dispersed from both of them many men and women. Nisa 4:1
…There is nothing like Him. Shura 42:11
And there is none comparable to Him. Ikhlas 112:4
ORIGINAL SIN & FALL OF MAN
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Genesis 2:17 and Quran Surah Baqarah 2:35 and Surah Araf 7:20 show that in the Bible God himself named the forbidden tree as the ‘Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil’ while in Quran the Forbidden Tree is not named by God but Devil/Satan called it a Tree of Eternity to deceive Adam and his wife. Genesis 3:4-5 and Quran Surah Araf 7:20 show that Bible says that it was Serpent who whispered and conspired against Adam & Eve while Quran say it was Devil/Satan. Genesis 3:6 and Surah Araf 7:22 show that as per Bible it was woman who disobeyed God and also made Man to ate from the Tree while as per Quran they both erred. In the forth section Genesis 3:14-19 and Quran Surah Araf 7:24 Bible says that all this pain, suffering, grief and death in this world is because of the curse of God while Quran says that God only ordered all of the characters of this drama to go down from that condition in which they were and no curse was issued. The toil of life on earth are what makes it different from life in paradise. In Last section the Last two verses of Romans show that Bible says that the sinful nature that originated with Adam is passed down from parent to child. All humans are by nature children of wrath. While as per Quran Surah Baqarah 2:37 and Surah Anam 6:164 God accepted Adam’s repentance and forgave him and that there is no original sin. All people are sinless until they rebel against God. And no-one will bear the burden of another. Strange thing is that the other parts of Bible says the same thing as that of Quran like in Deuteronomy 24:16 that no person will be responsible for the sins of others. Each person is answerable for himself alone and cannot blame it on Adam and Eve.
Parents are not to be put to death for their children, nor children put to death for their parents; each will die for their own sin.
Deut 24:16
BIBLE
ORIGINAL SIN & FALL OF MANYou must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, for when you eat from it you will certainly die. Genesis 2:17
The serpent said to the woman, “You will not die; for God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil. Genesis 3:4-5
When the woman saw that the fruit of the tree was good for food and pleasing to the eye, and also desirable for gaining wisdom, she took some and ate it. She also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it. Genesis 3:6
God put curse on serpent, woman and Man: serpent has to crawl and eat dust, women have to suffer in childbirth, and men have to sweat for a living. in toil you shall eat of it all the days of your life. Genesis 3:14-19
For as by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners,… Romans 5:19
Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, and in this way death came to all people, because all sinned. Romans 5:12
QURAN
ORIGINAL SIN & FALL OF MANAnd We said, “O Adam, dwell, you and your wife, in Paradise and eat therefrom in [ease and] abundance from wherever you will. But do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers. Baqarah 2:35
But Satan whispered to them to make apparent to them that which was concealed from them of their private parts. He said, “Your Lord did not forbid you this tree except that you become angels or become of the immortal.” Araf 7:20
So he made them fall, through deception. And when they tasted of the tree, their private parts became apparent to them. Araf 7:22
God said, “Descend, being to one another enemies. And for you on the earth is a place of settlement and enjoyment for a time.” Araf 7:24
Then Adam received from his Lord [some] words, and He accepted his repentance. Baqarah 2:37
…No person earns any (sin) except against himself (only), and no bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another… Anam 6:164
DIVINITY OF JESUS
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Bible and Quran are in full agreement refuting the divinity of Jesus. Really strange that how Christians entered the doctrine of Trinity in their creed. Bible Book of Numbers 23:19 and Hosea 11:9 clearly show that God is not man, while Jesus is called a man many times in the Bible as in Matthew 16:27, John 8:40, Acts 2:22, Acts 17:31 and Timothy 2:5. Bible also says that God is not a son of man as in Numbers 23:19(See KJV) while Jesus is often called a son of man as in Matthew 12:40, Matthew 16:27, Mark 2:10 and John 5:27. In Quran Surah Maidah 5:75, to assert that Jesus is not divine, God says that both Jesus and her mother used to eat which is a humanly trait. There are instances in bible pointing to the fact that Jesus used to eat, sleep and pray to God and also tempted by Satan/devil as is clear by Mark 14:17-18, Matthew 8:24-25, Luke 5:16 and Mark 1:13 respectively.
Study of Bible tells that Jesus never claimed divinity. There is not a single clear statement in the whole Bible where Jesus himself says that he is God people should worship him. In fact he preached quite the contrary as you can see in the below box that in John 14:28. John 10:29, Matthew 12:28 and Acts 2:22 he is clearly saying that that God is greater than Jesus and explained his miracles as the power of the One True God. If Christians say that God(Father) is greater than the son but still Jesus the son is also God then they should again see the above section regarding Oneness of God where it is clearly mentioned that “I am God, and there is no other; I am God, and there is none like me.” Jesus Refuted even the farthest claim of his Divinity as in Matthew 19: 16-17
“Just then a man came up to Jesus and asked, “Teacher, what good thing must I do to get eternal life?” “Why do you ask me about what is good?” Jesus replied. “There is only One who is good. If you want to enter life, keep the commandments.”
Jesus said that the path to salvation was through keeping the commandments and did not say that people should believe in Jesus as God.
Further I put the last verse John 20:17 in Bible section(Box) below to refute any chance of claim that might arise in naive minds that why everywhere in Bible God is called as Father (Thus He must be a father of Jesus). Bible is full of such instances where God is called “Father” of other persons, People and nations as well. Also as you can see in John 20:17 where Jesus is saying “I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God”. Old Testament also has many such instances like Psalm 2:7 “I will proclaim the decree of the Lord: He said to me, “You are my Son; today I have become your Father.” and as in Isaiah 64:8 ” Yet you, LORD, are our Father. We are the clay, you are the potter; we are all the work of your hand.”
Thus Father is actually a metaphor and not a proper name for God but one of many titles by which Jews speak of regarding God in a sense that God is “Father” to all humans because he created the world and in that sense “fathered” the world. Similarly expression “Son of God” only meant ‘Servant of God’; one who is close and dear to God as a son is to his father and cannot be accepted literally because in Bible, God addresses many of his chosen servants as ‘son’ and ‘sons as in Matthew 5:9 Blessed are the peacemakers,for they will be called sons of God.” and in Deuteronomy 14:1 “You are the children of the Lord your God.”
BIBLE
DIVINITY OF JESUSGod is not a man nor a son of man. Numbers 23:19
For I am God, and not man. Hosea 11:9
For the Son of man(Jesus) shall come. Mathew 16:27
…Jesus arrived with the Twelve. While they were reclining at the table eating…. Mark 14:17-18
Jesus was sleeping. The disciples went and woke him…. Matthew 8:24-25
he, Jesus, was in the desert forty days, being tempted by Satan” Mark 1:13
Jesus often withdrew to lonely places and prayed. Luke 5:16
For Father is greater than I. John 14:28
Father is greater than all. John 10:29
…I cast out devils by the Spirit of God….Mathew 12:28
Israelites, listen to this: Jesus of Nazareth a man accredited by God to you by miracles, wonders and signs, which God did among you through him. Acts 2:22
I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God. John 20:17
QURAN
DIVINITY OF JESUSThe Messiah, son of Mary, was not but a messenger;….And his mother was a supporter of truth. They both used to eat food….. Maidah 5:75
Indeed, the example of Jesus to Allah is like that of Adam. He created Him from dust; then He said to him, “Be,” and he was. Ale Imran 3:59
And God will say, “O Jesus son of Mary, did you say to the people, `Take me and my mother as gods rather than God?'” He will say, “Glory be to You! It is not for me to say what I have no right to. Had I said it, You would have known it. You know what is in my breast… Maidah 5:116
It is not fitting for the Most Merciful(God) to have a son. Maryam 19:92
They do blaspheme who say: “God is Christ the son of Mary.” But said Christ: “O Children of Israel! worship God, my Lord and your Lord.” Whoever joins other gods with Allah,- Allah will forbid him the garden, and the Fire will be his abode. Maidah 5:72
O People of the Scripture! Do not exaggerate in your religion …The Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, is the Messenger of God, and His Word that He conveyed to Mary, and a Spirit from Him….do not say, “Three(Trinity).” Refrain—it is better for you. God is only one God. Glory be to Him, that He should have a son. Nisa 4:171
JESUS A MESSENGER
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Bible and Quran are in full agreement in the prophethood of Jesus and that he was sent by God as a messenger to Israelites and that his actual mission was to fulfill the law revealed to Prophet Moses. As is clear from the verses mentioned in the box below Bible Matthew 5:17 and Quran Surah Ale Imran 3:50.
Also as in John 5:30 and Surah Maryam 19:30 we can clearly see that Jesus ascribed his apostleship to God only, so much so that he says “I can of mine own self do nothing” Same thing is with the Miracles of Jesus both Bible and Quran are in complete agreement that Jesus performed Miracles not By himself but by the Will and Power of God as in Mathew 12:28…”I cast out devils by the Spirit of God”. And as in Acts 2:22 “And Israelites, listen to this: Jesus of Nazareth a man accredited by God to you by miracles, wonders and signs, which God did among you through him”. And same is in Quran Surah Ale Imran 3:49.
BIBLE
JESUS A MESSENGERI can of mine own self do nothing….because I seek not my own will, but the will of the Him who has sent me. John 5:30
Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them. Mathew 5:17
For I have come down from heaven not to do my will but to do the will of him who sent me. John 6:38
I have not come on my own; but he (God) sent me. John 8:42
… and the word which ye hear is not mine, but the Father’s which sent me. John 14:24
I tell you the truth, no servant is greater than his master, nor is a messenger greater than the one who sent him. John 13:16
And this is life eternal, that they might know you the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom you have sent. John 17:3
QURAN
JESUS A MESSENGER(I have come to you), to attest the Law which was before me. And to make lawful to you part of what was (Before) forbidden to you. Ale Imran 3:50
He said: “I am indeed a servant of Allah: He hath given me revelation and made me a prophet.. Maryam 19:30
And (appoint him) a messenger to the Children of Israel, (with this message): “I have come to you with a sign from your Lord. I make for you out of clay the figure of a bird; then I breathe into it, and it becomes a bird by God’s leave. And I heal the blind and the leprous, and I revive the dead, by God’s leave. And I inform you concerning what you eat, and what you store in your homes. In that is a sign for you, if you are believers.” Ale Imran 3:49
And remember, Jesus, the son of Mary, said: “O Children of Israel! I am the messenger of Allah (sent) to you, confirming the Law (which came) before me, and giving Glad Tidings of a Messenger to come after me, whose name shall be Ahmad. Saff 61:6
CRUCIFIXION
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Bible and Quran differ on the topic of Crucifixion of Jesus. Crucifixion is the central part of christian creed as also mentioned in box below Gospel of John 19:17-18, Matthew 27:37, Luke 23:33 and Mark 15:25. According to the Gospels, Jesus was arrested and tried by the Sanhedrin(a Jewish judicial body) following his arrest in Jerusalem , and then convicted by Pontius Pilate (the 5th prefect/governor of the Roman province of Judaea, serving under Emperor Tiberius ) to be punished, and finally crucified by the Romans. Jesus was removed of his clothings and was then hung between two convicted thieves and, according to the Gospel of Mark, died some 6 hours later. During this time, the soldiers attached a mark to the top of the cross mentioning “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews” which, according to the Gospel of John, was written in 3 languages. They then divided his belongings among themselves and cast lots for his seamless robe, according to the Gospel of John.
On the other hand Quran as mentioned in box below Surah Nisa 4:157-159 says that Jews did not kill or crucify Jesus, but it only appeared to them as if they had, and that in fact Jesus had been raised up by God to himself. The majority of Muslims believe that Jesus was not crucified but raised alive by God and will come back before the Last Day and will establish a righteous society. That is He was ascended bodily to Heaven, there to remain until his Second coming in the End Times.
BIBLE
CRUCIFIXIONThey took Jesus, therefore, and He went out, bearing His own cross, to the place called the Place of a Skull, which is called in Hebrew, Golgotha. John 19:17
There they crucified Him, and with Him two other men, one on either side, and Jesus in between. John 19:18
When they came to the place called The Skull, there they crucified Him and the criminals, one on the right and the other on the left. Luke 23:33
And above His head they put up the charge against Him which read, “THIS IS JESUS THE KING OF THE JEWS.” Matthew 27:37
It was the third hour when they crucified Him. Mark 15:25
QURAN
CRUCIFIXIONAnd for their saying, “We have killed the Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, the Messenger of God.” In fact, they did not kill him, nor did they crucify him, but it appeared to them as if they did. Indeed, those who differ about him are in doubt about it. They have no knowledge of it, except the following of assumptions. Certainly, they did not kill him. Rather, God raised him up to Himself. God is Mighty and Wise. There is none from the People of the Scripture but will believe in him before his death, and on the Day of Resurrection he will be a witness against them. Nisa 4:157-159
They planned, and God planned; but God is the Best of planners. [Mention] when God said, “O Jesus, indeed I will take you and raise you to Myself and purify you from those who disbelieve……. Ale Imran 3:54-55
RESURRECTION OF CHRIST
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Bible and Quran also differ on the topic of Resurrection of Jesus. Resurrection is also the central part of christian creed as also mentioned in box below in verses of Gospel of Mark 16:5-6, Luke 24:6-7 and Matthew 28:5-6. The resurrection of Jesus is the Christian belief that God raised Jesus after his crucifixion. In Christian theology, the death and resurrection of Jesus are the most significant events, a foundation of the Christian Creed, and celebrated by Easter. His resurrection is the guarantee that all the Christian dead will be resurrected at Christ’s 2nd coming.
On the other hand Quran as mentioned in box below Surah Nisa 4:157-159 says that before Jesus was crucified, God lifted Jesus to himself, ALIVE. Thus, according to the Quran, God saved Jesus and that Jesus was not crucified and died therefore not resurrected.
BIBLE
RESURRECTION OF CHRISTAs they entered the tomb, they saw a young man dressed in a white robe sitting on the right side, and they were alarmed.“Don’t be alarmed,” he said. “You are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who was crucified. He has risen! Mark 16: 5-6
He is not here; he has risen! Remember how he told you, while he was still with you in Galilee: ‘The Son of Man must be delivered over to the hands of sinners, be crucified and on the third day be raised again.’ Luke 24: 6-7
The angel said to the women, “Do not be afraid, for I know that you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified. He is not here; he has risen, just as he said. Come and see the place where he lay.” Matthew 28:5-6
QURAN
RESURRECTION OF CHRISTAnd for their saying, “We have killed the Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, the Messenger of God.” In fact, they did not kill him, nor did they crucify him, but it appeared to them as if they did. Indeed, those who differ about him are in doubt about it. They have no knowledge of it, except the following of assumptions. Certainly, they did not kill him. Rather, God raised him up to Himself. God is Mighty and Wise. There is none from the People of the Scripture but will believe in him before his death, and on the Day of Resurrection he will be a witness against them. Nisa 4:157-159
They planned, and God planned; but God is the Best of planners. [Mention] when God said, “O Jesus, indeed I will take you and raise you to Myself and purify you from those who disbelieve……. Ale Imran 3:54-55
ASCENSION OF CHRIST
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Bible and Quran partially agree on the topic of Ascension of Jesus and partially disagree. Ascension is also the central part of christian creed as also mentioned in box below Book of Acts 1:9, Luke 24:50-51 and Mark 16:19. Ascension is the departure of Christ from Earth into the presence of God in heaven. In the Christian tradition God exaltated Jesus after his death, raising Him as first of the dead, and taking Him to heaven, where Jesus took his seat at the right hand of God. It is mentioned in Book of Acts1:3 and Acts 1:8, before his Ascension, Christ spent forty days teaching the Apostles and disciples about the Kingdom of God . The Lord informed them that they would receive power from the Holy Spirit to be his witnesses to the ends of the earth. The Ascension occurred at Bethany on the Mount of Olives (Luke 19:29).
Quran as mentioned in box below Surah Nisa 4:157-159 and Surah Ale Imran 3:54-55 accepts the ascension of Jesus as it recognizes him as a prophet just like Enoch/Idris, Elijah but this ascension which Muslims believe is a bodily ascension and Quran says that before Jesus was crucified, God lifted Jesus to Himself alive and he will come back before the Last Day and will establish a righteous society. That is He was ascended bodily to Heaven, there to remain until his Second coming in the End Times.
BIBLE
ASCENSION OF CHRISTAfter he said this, he was taken up before their very eyes, and a cloud hid him from their sight. Acts 1:9
When he had led them out to the vicinity of Bethany, he lifted up his hands and blessed them. While he was blessing them, he left them and was taken up into heaven. Luke 24:50-51
After the Lord Jesus had spoken to them, he was taken up into heaven and he sat at the right hand of God. Mark 16:19
QURAN
ASCENSION OF CHRISTAnd for their saying, “We have killed the Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, the Messenger of God.” In fact, they did not kill him, nor did they crucify him, but it appeared to them as if they did. Indeed, those who differ about him are in doubt about it. They have no knowledge of it, except the following of assumptions. Certainly, they did not kill him. Rather, God raised him up to Himself. God is Mighty and Wise. There is none from the People of the Scripture but will believe in him before his death, and on the Day of Resurrection he will be a witness against them. Nisa 4:157-159
They planned, and God planned; but God is the Best of planners. [Mention] when God said, “O Jesus, indeed I will take you and raise you to Myself and purify you from those who disbelieve……. Ale Imran 3:54-55
RESURRECTION & AFTERLIFE
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Bible and Quran are in agreement regarding resurrection and Afterlife with slight differences. Both Christians and Muslims believe in bodily resurrection of all people and that Christians/Muslims will be entered to eternal life in heaven and non-Christians/non-Muslims to hell respectively. Both believe in an afterlife but Catholics Christians and Muslims also believe in an intermediate state, “Purgatory” and “Barzakh” respectively. For Muslims the Barzakh is the place for souls of all deads with a few exceptions of Prophets and Martyrs and that every dead/soul will be in that state till the Last day. While in Catholics those who die in a state of grace, but still carry venial sin go to a place called Purgatory where they undergo purification to enter Heaven. There is also a mention of a place “Limbo” Limbo esp Infants Limbo was never recognized as a dogma of the Catholic Church but is said to be a place that unbaptized but innocent souls, such as those of infants and/OR of individuals who lived before Jesus Christ, because they are not guilty of any personal sin although they have not received baptism, so still bear original sin. So they are generally seen as existing in this state, until the end of time.
BIBLE
RESURRECTION & AFTERLIFEI declare to you, brothers and sisters, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God, nor does the perishable inherit the imperishable. Listen, I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed. For the perishable must clothe itself with the imperishable, and the mortal with immortality. 1 Corinthians 15:50-53
Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life. Matthew 25:46
QURAN
RESURRECTION & AFTERLIFEAnd they say, “When we have become bones and fragments, shall we really be resurrected as a new creation?”
Say, “Even if you become rocks or iron.
Or some substance, which, in your minds, is even harder.” Then they will say, “Who will restore us?” Say, “The One who originated you the first time.” Then they will nod their heads at you, and say, “When will it be?” Say, “Perhaps it will be soon.”
On the Day when He calls you, you will respond with His praise, and you will realize that you stayed only a little.
Surah Isra 17:49-52
RESPECT OF PARENTS
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You can see from box below that both Bible and Quran are in full agreement regarding the respect of the parents as clearly stated in Leviticus 19:3, Deuteronomy 5:16, Luke 2:51, Mark 7:10 and Quran Surah Isra 17:23-24 and Surah Luqman 31:14.
BIBLE
RESPECT OF PARENTSEach of you must respect his mother and father…. Leviticus 19:3
Honour your father and your mother, so that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you. Deuteronomy 5:16
“Then he (Jesus) went down to Nazareth with them (his parents) and was obedient to them…” Luke 2:51
For Moses said, ‘Honor your father and your mother…..Mark 7:10
QURAN
RESPECT OF PARENTSYour Lord has commanded that you worship none but Him, and that you be good to your parents. If either of them or both of them reach old age with you, do not say to them a word of disrespect, nor scold them, but say to them kind words. And lower to them the wing of humility, out of mercy, and say, “My Lord, have mercy on them, as they raised me when I was a child. Isra 17:23-24
We have entrusted the human being with the care of his parents. His mother carried him through hardship upon hardship, weaning him in two years. So give thanks to Me, and to your parents. To Me is the destination. Luqman 31:14
MODESTY IN WOMEN DRESSING
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You can see from box below that both Bible and Quran are in full agreement regarding modest dressing of women as clearly stated in 1 Timothy 2:9-10, 1 Peter 3:2-5, Deutoronomy 22:5, 1 Corinthians 11:5-6 and Quran Surah Ahzab 33:59 and Surah Nur 24:31
BIBLE
MODESTY IN WOMEN DRESSINGI also want women to dress modestly, with decency and propriety, not with braided hair or gold or pearls or expensive clothes, but with good deeds, appropriate for women who profess to worship God. 1 Timothy 2:9-10
Your beauty should not come from outward adornment, such as braided hair and the wearing of gold jewelry and fine clothes. Instead, it should be that of your inner self…For this is the way the holy women of the past who put their hope in God used to make themselves beautiful. 1 Peter 3:2-5
A woman must not wear men’s clothing, nor a man wear women’s clothing, for the LORD your God detests anyone who does this. Deutoronomy 22:5
Every woman who prays or prophesies with her head uncovered dishonors her head—it is the same as having her head shaved. For if a woman does not cover her head, she might as well have her hair cut off; but if it is a disgrace for a woman to have her hair cut off or her head shaved, then she should cover her head. 1 Corinthians 11:5-6
QURAN
MODESTY IN WOMEN DRESSINGO Prophet, tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to bring down over themselves [part] of their outer garments. That is more suitable that they will be known and not be abused. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful. Ahzab 33:59
And tell the believing women to reduce [some] of their vision and guard their private parts and not expose their adornment except that which [necessarily] appears thereof and to wrap [a portion of] their headcovers over their chests and not expose their adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands’ fathers, their sons, their husbands’ sons, their brothers, their brothers’ sons, their sisters’ sons, their women, that which their right hands possess, or those male attendants having no physical desire, or children who are not yet aware of the private aspects of women. And let them not stamp their feet to make known what they conceal of their adornment. Nur 24:31
POLYGAMY
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Polygamy is the practice or custom of having more than one wife or husband at the same time i.e of marrying multiple spouses. When a woman is married to more than one husband at a time, it is called polyandry. When a man is married to more than one wife at a time, it is called polygyny. Polyandry is completely prohibited in Both Christianity and Islam while as for Polygyny Bible Old Testament and Quran allow while the New Testament has some verses that seem to contradict it. As in 1 Timothy 3:2 “Therefore an overseer must be above reproach, the husband of one wife,sober-minded, self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, able to teach” And 1 Timothy 3:12” Let the deacons be the husbands of one wife, ruling their children and their own houses well.” And Titus 1:6 “if anyone is above reproach, the husband of one wife and his children are believers and not open to the charge of debauchery or insubordination.”
That’s why most Christians today view polygamy as immoral while the Bible nowhere explicitly condemns it. Several leading men in the Old Testament were polygamists. Abraham, Jacob, David, Solomon, and others all had multiple wives. These might be the only verses in the New Testament that says this but if you read it clearly, these are Paul’s letters addressing church ministers and religious leaders describing qualifications of Church leaders and asking them not to practice polygamy (As the practice of polygamy among the Christian believers) so that they can have better time and dedication for the church. Another thing to consider is that if polygamy been really prohibited by Jesus, Paul would not have told his church leaders not to practice it (means it was in practice already even in the religious clergy of christians).
BIBLE
POLYGYNYDavid took more concubines and wives in Jerusalem, and more sons and daughters were born to him. 2 Samuel 5:13
If a man has two wives, and he loves one but not the other, and both bear him sons…. Deuteronomy 21:15
If he marries another woman, he must not deprive the first one of her food, clothing and marital rights. Exodus 21:10
He (Solomon) had seven hundred wives of royal birth and three hundred concubines. 1 Kings 11:3
QURAN
POLYGYNYIf you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphans, marry women of your choice, two, or three, or four; but if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly (with them), then only one or those your right hand possesses. That is more suitable that you may not incline [to injustice].
Surah Nisa 4:3
DIVORCE
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As you can see in the boxes below, it looks like that Bible and Quran differ in the matter of Divorce and Remarry. Divorce is permitted in Islam but in Christianity either prohibited or highly discouraged. The fact of the matter is that although in Islam and as per Quran’s teachings divorce is permitted but highly discouraged and the option should only be exercised as a last resort. It is narrated that the Prophet Muhammad PBUH said: “The most hated of permissible things to Allah is divorce.”In Old testament Book of Malachi 2:16 its written that God hates divorce “For the man who does not love his wife but divorces her, says the LORD, the God of Israel covers his garment with violence…” Moses allowed it as written in Deuteronomy 24:1-4, but when Jesus asked about this his reply was as mentioned in Matthew 19:7-9
They said to Him, ‘Why then did Moses command to give a certificate of divorce, and to put her away?’ He said to them, ‘Moses, because of the hardness of your hearts, permitted you to divorce your wives, but from the beginning it was not so. And I say to you, whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery; and whoever marries her who is divorced commits adultery.
Christian teachings are that divorce is an accommodation to man’s sin that violates God’s original purpose for the intimate unity and permanence of the marriage bond as in Genesis 2:24 “Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh.”. Paul added to the teachings of Jesus what is called the “Pauline privilege which can be understood by reading 1 Corinthians 7:10-15
To the married I give this charge (not I, but the Lord): the wife should not separate from her husband (but if she does, she should remain unmarried or else be reconciled to her husband), and the husband should not divorce his wife. To the rest I say (I, not the Lord) that if any brother has a wife who is an unbeliever, and she consents to live with him, he should not divorce her. If any woman has a husband who is an unbeliever, and he consents to live with her, she should not divorce him. For the unbelieving husband is made holy because of his wife, and the unbelieving wife is made holy because of her husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy. But if the unbelieving partner separates, let it be so. In such cases the brother or sister is not enslaved. God has called youto peace.
Because of this Pauline Privilege some recognize such a thing as a “constructive desertion,” which would be when a wife so much irritated her husband that it is impossible to live with her further; or when a husband has so irritated, or harrased his wife that it becomes difficult for her to keep with him. When that happens, whether or not the person really moves out, the condition is the equivalent of desertion, and divorce and remarriage are lawful.
BIBLE
DIVORCEIf a man marries a woman…..and if after she leaves his house she becomes the wife of another man, and her second husband dislikes her and writes her a certificate of divorce, gives ….is not allowed to marry her again after she has been defiled. Deuteronomy 24:1-4
I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, makes her the victim of adultery, and anyone who marries a divorced woman commits adultery. Matthew 5:32
Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning……. Matthew 19:8-9
Whoever divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery; and whoever marries her……commits adultery. Luke 16:18
To the married I give this command…..But if the unbeliever leaves, let it be so….. 1 Corinthians 7:10-15
QURAN
DIVORCEO Prophet! When any of you divorce women, divorce them during their period of purity and calculate their waiting period carefully. And have fear of Allah, your Lord. Do not evict them from their homes, nor should they leave, unless they commit an outright indecency. Those are Allah’s limits, and anyone who oversteps Allah’s limits has wronged himself. You never know, it may well be that after that Allah will cause a new situation to develop. Surah Talaq 65:1
Also as in Surah Baqarah 2:228-232, 236-237, 241, Surah Ahzab 33:49, And Surah Talaq 65:2-6
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