Part 19

Recitation of the Holy Scripture.

It is God who erected the heavens without pillars that you can see; then He established Himself above the Throne and made subject the sun and the moon, each running its course for a specified term. 

He arranges each matter 

He details the signs that you may be certain of the meeting with your Lord. 

And it is He who spread the earth. He causes the night to cover the day. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.  

And to God prostrates whoever is within the heavens and the earth, willingly or by compulsion, and as well as their shadows, in the mornings and the afternoons.

End of Recitation of the Holy Scripture.

O people as I told you that these few programs are just to give you an idea of the various things various creation of your Lord around you and within yourselves and that this will also help you later to understand the religious scriptures in a better way. Now let me tell you little more about stars and what different shapes they can assume at the end of their life as a star.

At the end of their life stars transform into a different form depending on the mass of the star. So for you, the primary thing to understand at least seven celestial objects white dwarfs, red giants, black holes, neutrino stars, Pulsars, nova, and supernova is that they all are transformed form of a star at the end of its life. The lifespan that God designed for the living beings had also been allocated for the stars. I already told you in part 16 that every day almost 275-400 million stars die and nearly 400 million new stars are born only in our observable universe. You will better understand this if you again listen to part 16 and 18 where I explained the basic structure of matter and presence of 99.999% space between fundamental particles of matter. That will also help you understand all coming topics related to the transformation of stars which actually happen because of this property of matter to compress itself with gravity.  

Stars that have a lot of mass may end their lives as black holes or neutron stars. A low or medium mass star with mass less than about eight times the mass of our Sun becomes a white dwarf. Stars with less mass at the end of their life throw out the outer area as a planetary nebula, and the core becomes a white dwarf. So a white dwarf is a star at the end of its life which throw out its outer surface and the remaining core, center, the remaining portion is called white dwarf because it is small and very dim. The strange thing is that if you add more mass to a white dwarf, its size decreases with that instead of increasing. This is because of increased gravitational collapse due to increase in total mass. It is as dense as you reduce the size of the sun to earth’s size or 100 people squeezed in a teaspoon. This makes white dwarfs one of the densest bodies of matter, surpassed only by neutron stars and black holes. Is this all mysterious vast and complicated system designed and running on its own. Nay, it is all by the Will and command of your Lord. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

A red giant star is a dying star in the last stages of stellar evolution. Medium mass stars, like our Sun, live by fusing the hydrogen within their cores into helium. This is what our Sun is doing now. When the star runs out of hydrogen in its core to fuse, it  then starts fusing the helium and remaining hydrogen in a shell surrounding the core. The energy produced by this fusion causes the star to expand outward to many times its original size. But now this outer envelope is lower in temperature, giving them a reddish hue and thus they are called Red Giants. The Sun will only spend one billion years as a red giant, as opposed to nearly 10 billion years it spent busily burning hydrogen. In only a few billion years, our sun will turn into a red giant star, swell and engulf the inner planets, possibly even